If there are only 5 players, increase the litter size to eight.
If there is only 1 player, s/he will need to draw at least 5 litters of eight.
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Have 2 boxes (or cans) for each player, large enough for poker
chips to completely turn when shaken : one box for SIRE, one box
for DAM.
Have 2 colors of chips: one color for dominant (A) genes and
a different color for recessive (a) genes.
(You may want to assign a known disease to the (A) or (a) chip
or play what-if with a disease that seems to be inherited from
normal parents.)
After loading each parent box with the two genes specified in each exercise, shake the boxes well.
Blind-draw one chip (gene) from the Dam's box (gene pool) and one chip (gene) from the SIRE's box (gene pool) to make up each puppy's gene pool and record the result.
Return the genes to proper box; shake, draw and record for the next pup.
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Exercise 1: Both boxes will contain one (A) dominant color chip
& one (a) recessive color chip.
Exercise 2: One box will contain one (A) dominant color chip & one (a) recessive color chip, the other will contain two (A) dominant color chips. It does not matter which you label sire or dam.
Exercise 3: One box will contain one (A) dominant color chip & one (a) recessive color chip, the other box will contain two (a) recessive color chips.
........................................................................................................................................................................AA and Aa puppies will show the dominant trait (A) but not the recessive (a) trait.
aa puppies will show the (a) recessive trait.
Aa puppies are the carriers of the recessive (a) gene but do not show that trait.
Polygenic traits are more complicated but have similar patterns to the recessive .